Investigating the Effect of Gym Training on Deltoid Muscle Thickness Measured on Sonography in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background and Aims: Gym training frequently targets the deltoid muscle to enhance shoulder strength and aesthetics, making it crucial to investigate its response to exercise. Although some studies have explored muscle adaptations to resistance training, few have focused specifically on the deltoid muscle’s response to gym training in university students. This study aims to determine the effect of gym training on deltoid muscle thickness in university students. Methods: A total of 100 participants were divided into gym-going and non-gym groups. Descriptive statistics were employed to characterize the participants’ age, weight, and height. Independent samples t-tests were performed to compare deltoid muscle thickness between the two groups. Additionally, an analysis of variance was conducted to explore variations in deltoid muscle thickness across different BMI categories. Results: The study found a significant difference in deltoid muscle thickness between the gym-going and non-gym groups (p<.001), with the gym group exhibiting greater thickness. Furthermore, ANOVA revealed significant differences in deltoid muscle thickness across various BMI categories (p=.002), suggesting a relationship between BMI and deltoid muscle thickness. Conclusion: The study demonstrate a clear association between gym training and increased deltoid muscle thickness in university students, emphasizing the positive impact of regular gym attendance on muscle development. The study underscore the potential benefits of gym training for muscle growth in this population and emphasize the importance of considering BMI as a factor in future research on muscle adaptation.